The importance of microorganisms-ammonifiers of manure effluents in the emission of ammonia
https://doi.org/10.46845/1997-3071-2023-68-46-54
Abstract
Organic waste from livestock and poultry complexes (manure, manure drains, manure) should be environmentally safe for the environment. Negative environmental consequences of the emission of N-containing compounds include changes in the biodiversity of flora and fauna of water bodies, chemical and microbial degradation of arable lands of agricultural lands and atmospheric air pollution, including odorous. When storing organic waste in lagoons for 6–12 months, the emission of N-containing compounds, including ammonia, occurs. Microbiological processes in manure runoff occur with the participation of microorganisms-ammonifiers. There are Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Clostridium, Proteus. In the course of our research, it has been found that Peptostreptococcus anaerobius ammonifiers dominate in fresh manure drains. The quantitative and qualitative composition of ammonifiers varies depending on the terms and conditions of storage (acidification of manure drains). During storage, the largest number of ammonifiers is reached on the 14th day. On the 7th day, the prevalence of Clostridium spp. was noted, and on the 14th day- E. Coli prevailed. Acidification of manure effluents with a 10 % solution of sulfuric acid to a pH of 5.3 ± 0.2 significantly reduces the number of microorganisms-ammonifiers by 98.89 % on the 7th and 89.05 % and 14th days, respectively, in comparison with the initial values. The activity of Proteus spp. is completely suppressed, which leads to the complete disappearance of the microorganism from the manure drains. The most resistant to acidification were Clostridium spp. Application of the technology of acidification of manure effluents will reduce the negative impact of pig breeding enterprises on ecosystems due to a significant reduction in NH3 entering the environment from manure effluents.
About the Authors
L. V. Pilip
Vyatka State Agrotechnological University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Larisa V. Pilip, PhD in Veterinary sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Zoological Hygiene, Physiology and Biochemistry
Kirov
N. V. Syrchina
University Vyatka State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Nadezhda V. Syrchina, PhD in Chemistry, Associate Professor of the Department of Fundamental Chemistry and Chemistry Teaching Methods, Senior Researcher of the Laboratory of Biomonitoring of Vyatka State University and Komi of the research center of Ural division of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Kirov
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For citations:
Pilip L.V., Syrchina N.V. The importance of microorganisms-ammonifiers of manure effluents in the emission of ammonia. KSTU News. 2023;(68):46-54. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.46845/1997-3071-2023-68-46-54
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