Distribution of summer zooplankton in the south-eastern Baltic Sea in 2018 and 2022 years in different water layers
https://doi.org/10.46845/1997-3071-2025-76-25-37
Abstract
The data on the species composition, occurrence, and distribution of summer zooplankton in the south-eastern part of the Baltic Sea for 2018 and 2022 have been analyzed. During the research period, the zooplankton was represented by 29 species and taxa of higher order: Rotifera – 5, Copepoda – 11, Diplostraca – 9, Scyphozoa – 2, Ctenophora – 1, Appendicularia – 1. Among the meroplankton, larvae of Polychaeta, Bivalvia, Gastropoda, Cirripedia, and fish eggs have been noted. The community's biomass was mainly composed of planktonic crustaceans, predominantly calanids. Inter-annual differences in the overall biomass of zooplankton indicators have been identified: the value range in 2018 varied within 324-3217 mg/m³, and in 2022 – 911600 mg/m³. Despite this, the spatial distribution of biomass in both years showed significant similarity. Using interpolation tools in ArcMap software environment ArcGIS, maps of continuous biomass distribution of zooplankton have been constructed based on total catches (2018 and 2022) and by layers (2022): surface layer (up to depths of 30 m), intermediate layer (from 30 to 50 m), and deep layer (from 50 m to the bottom). Biomass concentrations were noted in the coastal zone down to the depths of 50 m near the end of the northern coast of the Sambian Peninsula and along the Curonian Spit, as well as closer to the slope of the Gotland Basin in both years. The analysis of the distribution of total zooplankton biomass in water layers revealed different accumulation areas, and these differences are largely due to the composition of dominant species and thermohaline conditions in each specific layer.
Supporting agencies: the work has been done within the state assignment of IORAS under topic FMWE-2024-0025.
About the Authors
Yu. Yu. Polunina
Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Yuliya Yu. Polunina - PhD in Biology, Senior Researcher, Marine Ecology Laboratory
Moscow
A. Yu. Sharton
Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Anna Yu. Sharton - Scientific Researcher, Marine Ecology Laboratory
Moscow
References
1. Mohrholz V., Naumann M., Nausch G., Krüger S., Gräwe U. Fresh oxygen for the Baltic Sea – an exceptional saline inflow after a decade of stagnation. J. of Marine Systems. 2015. V. 148. P. 152–166.
2. Schulz J. et al. Spatial and temporal habitat partitioning by zooplankton in the Bornholm Basin (central Baltic Sea). Prog. Oceanogr. 2012. N 107. P. 3–30.
3. Wasmund N., Dutz J., Pollehne F., Siegel H., Zettler M. Biological Assessment of the Baltic Sea 2015. Meereswiss. Ber., Warnemünde. 2016. V. 102. P. 97.
4. Gushchin A. V., Fedorov V. E. Sovremennoe sostoyanie promyshlennoy ikhtiofauny yuzhnoy chasti Baltiyskogo morya kak sledstvie antropogennogo vozdeystviya [Current state of commercial ichthyofauna of the southern part of the Baltic Sea as an anthropogenic impact of Greece]. Uchenye zapiski Rossiyskogo gosudarstvennogo gidrometeorologicheskogo universiteta. Nauchnо-teoreticheskiy zhurnal. SPb., RGGGMU, 2017, no. 49, pp. 134–144.
5. Shchuka T. A. Zooplankton. Biologicheskie soobshchestva [Zooplankton. Bi ological communities]. Neft’ i okruzhayushchaya sreda Kaliningradskoy oblasti [Oil and the environment of the Kaliningrad region]. Vol. II: More / Pod red. Sivkov V. V. i dr. Kaliningrad, Terra Baltica Publ., 2012, pp. 389–407.
6. Polunina Yu. Yu., Rodionova N. V. Kharakteristika zooplanktonnogo soobshhestva [Characteristics of the zooplankton community]. Sistema Baltiyskogo morya [Baltic Sea System]. Moscow, Nauchnyy Mir Publ., 2017, pp. 258–291.
7. Polunina Yu. Yu., Krechik V. A., Paka V. T. Prostranstvennaya izmenchivost’ zooplanktona i gidrologicheskich pokazateley vod v yuzhnoy i tsentral’noy chasti Baltiyskogo morya v pozdneletniy sezon 2016 g. [Spatial variability of zooplankton and hydrological parameters of waters in the Southern and Central Baltic Sea in the late summer season of 2016]. Okeanologiya, 2021, vol. 61, no. 6, pp. 958–968, https://doi.org/10.31857/S0030157421060113.
8. Aleksandrov S. V., Gusev A. A. Semenova A. S. Planktonnye i bentosnye soobshchestva yugo-vostochnoy chasti Baltiyskogo morya v letniy period 2018– 2019 gg. [Plankton and benthic communities of the south-eastern Baltic Sea in the summer period of 2018–2019]. Okeanologicheskie issledovaniya, 2023, vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 91–113. DOI 10.29006/1564-2291.JOR-2023.51(1).5.
9. Metodicheskie recomendatsii po sboru i obrabotke materialov pri gidrobiologicheskikh issledovaniyakh na presnykh vodoemakh [Methodological recommendations for the collection and processing of materials during hydrobiological research in fresh water bodies]. Zooplankton i ego produktsiya. Pod red. Salazkina A. A., Ivanovoy M. B., Ogorodnikovoy V. A. GosNIORCH, 1984, 33 p.
10. Recommendations on methods for marine biological studies in the Baltic Sea. Mesozooplankton biomass assessment. The Baltic marine biologists. Publication. Working Group 14. Hernroth L. (ed.). 1985. N 10. 26 p.
11. Vinogradov M. E., Shushkina E. A. Funktsionirovanie planktonnykh soobshchestv pipelagiali okeana [Functioning of plankton communities in the ocean pipelagic zone]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1987, 240 p.
12. World Register of Marine Species. Available at: https://www.marinespecies.org/ (accessed 20 October 2024).
13. Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Available at: https://itis.gov/ (accessed 20 October 2024).
14. Eldrandaly K. A., Abu-Zaid M. S. Comparison of six GIS-based spatial interpolation methods for estimating air temperature in Western Saudi Arabia. Journal of Environmental Informatics. 2011. V. 18. N 1. P. 60–67.
15. Lebedev S. V., Nesterov E. M., Kul’kova M. A., Zarina L. M. Tsifrovye geoekologicheskie karty i nekotorye priemy ikh postroeniya v srede GIS ArcGIS. InterKarto. InterGIS, 2015, vol. 21, pp. 540–547.
16. Spravochnaya dokumentatsiya ArcMap. Splayn s bar'erami. Available at: https://desktop.arcgis.com/ru/arcmap/latest/tools/spatial-analyst-toolbox/spline-with-barriers.htm (accessed 20 October 2024).
17. Kudryavtseva E. A. et al. Influence of circulation processes on cyanobacteria bloom and phytoplankton succession in the Baltic Sea coastal area. Ecologica Montenegrina. 2023. V.70. P. 164–182. DOI 10.37828/em.2023.70.1.
18. Polunina Yu. Yu., Lange E. K., Krechik V. A. Struktura i raspredelenie osennego zooplanktona yugo-vostochnoy chasti Baltiyskogo morya v 2015 g. [Structure and distribution of autumn zooplankton in the south-eastern Baltic Sea in 2015]. Okeanologiya, 2019, no. 1, pp. 72–81.
Review
For citations:
Polunina Yu.Yu., Sharton A.Yu. Distribution of summer zooplankton in the south-eastern Baltic Sea in 2018 and 2022 years in different water layers. KSTU News. 2025;(76):25-37. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.46845/1997-3071-2025-76-25-37
Views:
6
Email this article 