Methodology of salmon roe fraud detection
https://doi.org/10.46845/1997-3071-2024-75-65-76
Abstract
The problem of food fraud has been accompanying humanity for thousands of years. A modern technologist should be able not only to create new types of products, but also to propose methods for their identification. Grain salmon roe is one of the most frequently adulterated products, since it is considered a traditional delicacy, has a high market value and sufficient marginality. Traditionally, electrophoretic and molecular genetic methods are used for its identification, characterized by high cost and comparative duration of testing. The methods of luminometry and identification by mass content of protein offered in modern literature have certain disadvantages. As a result, it remains relevant to search for an express and relatively inexpensive method that makes it possible to effectively establish the fact of fraud of the product that is not associated with the substitution of a biological type of raw. For this purpose, it has been proposed to use morphological and spectrometric methods. Prepared samples of ovum membranes of natural and imitated granular caviar were photographed using an electron microscope and used to detect infrared spectra by the method of frustrated total internal reflection. Since it is possible to produce technologically imitated roe comparable in size to natural grain roe, only using carbohydrate polymers, sodium alginate was used as a reference standard. The results obtained by morphological analysis showed a lower alignment of the collagen molecules of the natural caviar ovum membrane compared with the alginate molecules of the imitated caviar ovum membrane. The reason for such differences may be the variance in the spatial configuration of protein and carbohydrate molecules. According to the data obtained by infrared spectrometry, the absence of a characteristic peak with a wave number of 1536 cm-1 in fraud sample and the presence of peaks in the range of 1560-1510 cm-1 in natural roe can serve as a distinctive marker. Thus, the possibility of using the described methods to reliably distinguish natural grain salmon roe from imitated products has been shown.
About the Authors
B. Yu. Vorotnikov
Kaliningrad State Technical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Boris Yu. Vorotnikov – PhD in Engineering, associate professor, Head of the Department of Chemistry
Kaliningrad
V. V. Soklakov
Authorized representative office of EUROCERT S. A. certification body
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Vladimir V. Soklakov – PhD in Engineering, associate professor at the Department of Food Products
Saint-Petersburg
A. G. Bulychyov
Kaliningrad State Technical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Aleksandr G. Bulychyov – PhD in Chemistry, associate professor at the Department of Chemistry
Kaliningrad
N. A. Rachkova
Kaliningrad State Technical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Natalya A. Rachkova – 1st Category Engineer, Department of Chemistry
Kaliningrad
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Review
For citations:
Vorotnikov B.Yu., Soklakov V.V., Bulychyov A.G., Rachkova N.A. Methodology of salmon roe fraud detection. KSTU News. 2024;(75):65-76. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.46845/1997-3071-2024-75-65-76
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