Improving the methods of qualimetry of natural drinking water

Within the framework of the scientific article, the task of determining the quality and availability of water supplied from natural sources has been foregrounded. The basis for the development of innovative methods for the identification of water from natural waters on the example of Lake Baikal has been considered. Organoleptic and microbiological indicators of water from Lake Baikal are given. A brief overview of methods for determining the quality of natural water is made, from which it follows that determination of the chemical composition according to GOST is not a unique property of water from natural sources. The unique property of bacteria to form restriction endonuclease (ER) enzymes (restrictases) is considered as a reaction to the ingress of extraneous microflora into the environment. This method, widely used in scientific research, is practically not implemented as a control of the quality and availability of water when it is bottled for sale. We found that bacterial strains with ER enzymes were isolated in the samples of water taken in areas of anthropogenic influence. In water samples taken in clean background areas (pelagic lakes, deep-sea sediments), bacteria with the enzyme ER have not been detected. This property of bacteria is to form ER enzymes as protection against allochthonous (extraneous) microflora. This article substantiates the fact that detection of ER enzymes in bacterial strains is evidence that the water has been taken either in areas where the foreign microflora enters, or the water is not from a natural source – Lake Baikal. This method makes it possible to determine the quality and authenticity of Baikal drinking water and to exclude counterfeits of natural water on the market.

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