Biopotential of secondary chitin-containing raw material and its rational uses

Chitin-containing raw material is mainly represented by crustaceans. These are crabs, shrimps, crayfish, krill, gammarus, etc. Russia is the world leader in the production of premium-class king crabs and northern shrimps, which are in high demand among the population. After cutting this raw material, up to 50% of the mass of chitin-containing waste remains. This waste is practically not processed in our country, but is mainly disposed of. A valuable chitin-containing raw material is small Antarctic krill, the catch of which in Russia, in accordance with the Strategy for the Development of Fisheries of the Russian Federation until 2030, should begin in the near future. Russia is also rich in small amphipod gammarus, but only a small part of it is used in aquarium feed. Secondary chitin-containing raw materials (waste from cutting crabs, shrimp), as well as small crustaceans (krill and gammarus) are valuable organic raw materials for obtaining feed products in aquaculture. It is important to assess the potential of this raw material, taking into account the possibility of processing it into feed additives by deep thermal hydrolysis. The paper shows that this raw material contains complete proteins with essential amino acids, lipids with polyunsaturated fatt`y acids, minerals, glycogen carbohydrates and chitin aminopolysaccharide, carotenoids and other biologically active substances. The paper presents an analysis of the raw material catch, its chemical composition; describes the areas of use, and suggests rational directions for its processing for food, feed and technical purposes. The results of the experiments on the use of hightemperature hydrolysis for processing crab and shrimp waste, Antarctic krill with the production of peptide-protein and protein-mineral additives are presented. The paper shows the expediency of the use of hydrolysis products as components in specialized nutrition, compound feed for fish farming and animal husbandry, and fertilizers. 

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